Etching

Etching is an intaglio technique, whereby it is a technique that uses incisions and indentation to leave a permanent impression upon the material used. Traditionally etching has been performed by applying an acid resistant base over a sheet piece of metal, usually copper, before a tool is used to draw and cut through the base revealing that piece of metal. The material is bathed in acid.

As acid eats away at the exposed line, the design then sinks below the surface. Similar to a riverbed, the longer the acid is left on a certain area, and the larger the area of the exposure, the deeper the acid will eat into the metal, giving deeper tones. When the desired result is attained, the plate is washed and neutralised to end the reaction.

Ink is added to the etched lines. Before being wiped from the surface, a press with paper is added with pressure to soak up the ink to get an impression on to the paper, often made of woven cloth. This can be repeated over and over again.

Jacques Callot famously used etching as part of his misery of war series, using intricate details and combining with print several times to achieve its desired effect.

The method can be made a simple DIY project, though results may be poor, especially where minute detail needs to be considered. A good detailed job may require a professional as using the strong acids required is potentially hazardous. Experiment first with simple engraving using craft blades on clay slates, taking photographs along the way and adding it to your working diary as evidence of thought development, before working out how you wish to create a final piece

Click here for a video on etching.