Programming Fundamentals Quiz

A syntax error occurs when the code does not follow the rules of the programming language, such as missing parentheses or semicolons. A logic error occurs when the program runs but produces incorrect results due to a flaw in the design or logic of the code.

A constant is a value that cannot be changed during the execution of the program, whereas a variable can store values that may change during the program’s run. Constants provide fixed values that are useful for things like mathematical constants or configuration settings.

Debugging is the process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in a program. It involves testing code, finding where issues occur, and correcting them to ensure the program works as expected.

An if statement is used to make decisions in code. It checks whether a condition is true or false and executes a block of code accordingly. It helps control the flow of a program based on conditions.

A function is a block of code designed to perform a specific task. It is useful because it allows for code reusability, making programs more modular and easier to maintain. Functions can be called multiple times with different inputs.

Concatenating strings means combining two or more strings together to form a single string. For example, combining "Hello" + " " + "World" results in "Hello World".

Comments are used in code to explain what the code is doing or to make notes for future reference. They are ignored by the compiler or interpreter and help developers understand and maintain the code more easily.

Flow control refers to the order in which individual statements, instructions, or function calls are executed or evaluated. It is controlled using structures like loops, if statements, and switches, allowing the program to make decisions or repeat actions.

A 'for' loop is used when the number of iterations is known in advance (e.g., iterating through an array), whereas a 'while' loop continues to execute as long as a condition is true, and the number of iterations may not be predetermined.

An array is a collection of data items, all of the same type, stored at contiguous memory locations. It allows storing multiple values in a single variable. For example, an array can be used to store the scores of 10 students in a class.