Moral Principles in Judaism

This section explains Moral Principles in Judaism. Judaism places great emphasis on moral principles and ethical behaviour. Jewish teachings encourage justice, kindness, and social responsibility, reflecting the belief that people should strive to create a fair and compassionate society. These principles guide Jews in their daily lives and influence their actions towards others.

Gemilut Hasadim (Acts of Loving Kindness)

Gemilut Hasadim is a fundamental concept in Judaism that means performing acts of loving kindness. Unlike charity (tzedakah), which often involves financial giving, gemilut hasadim refers to selfless actions that help others, such as:

• Visiting the sick (bikur cholim).
• Comforting those who are grieving.
• Helping the poor and vulnerable.
• Showing hospitality to strangers.

Jews believe that good deeds should be performed out of love and compassion, without expecting anything in return. These acts are seen as imitating God’s kindness, as expressed in Jewish teachings:

"The world stands on three things: Torah, service to God, and acts of loving-kindness."
— Pirkei Avot 1:2 (Ethics of the Fathers)

Justice and Charity (Tzedakah)

Justice (tzedek) is a key Jewish value, which refers to creating a fair and righteous society. The Torah repeatedly teaches that God wants people to act justly and care for those in need.

Tzedakah means charity, but unlike in some cultures, it is seen as a duty rather than a voluntary act. Jews believe that wealth is a gift from God, so those who have more should share with those who have less. The Torah teaches:

"You shall open wide your hand to your brother, to the needy and to the poor in your land."
— Deuteronomy 15:11

Jewish law outlines various ways to give tzedakah, including:

• Donating money to those in need.
• Supporting synagogues and religious schools.
• Providing food and shelter for the poor.

Some Jews give a percentage of their income (often 10%, known as ma'aser, or tithing) to charity. Many also give anonymously, as it is considered a higher form of charity.

Tikkun Olam (Repairing the World)

The phrase Tikkun Olam means "repairing the world" and refers to the idea that Jews have a responsibility to make the world a better place. This concept is linked to social justice and ethical living, including:

• Helping those in need.
• Protecting the environment.
• Working towards peace and equality.

Many Jews engage in tikkun olam through volunteering, campaigning for human rights, or supporting charitable organisations. Some also believe that obeying the mitzvot (commandments) helps bring spiritual repair to the world.

Jewish tradition teaches that the world is not yet perfect, and people must work together to improve it. This belief is connected to the Messianic Age, a future time of peace and harmony.

Loving Kindness (Ahavat Chesed)

The Torah commands Jews to treat others with love, respect, and kindness. This principle is based on the verse:

"Love your fellow as yourself."
— Leviticus 19:18

Many Jews believe that showing kindness to others is a way to bring healing to the world. This includes:

• Speaking to others with respect.
• Helping those in distress.
• Being patient and understanding.

Judaism teaches that kindness should be extended to all people, regardless of their background. The Torah also reminds Jews to show compassion to strangers, as they were once strangers in Egypt:

"You shall love the stranger as yourself, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt."
— Leviticus 19:34

Conclusion

The moral principles of Judaism—justice, charity, loving-kindness, and repairing the world—shape Jewish beliefs and actions. Jews strive to live ethically and responsibly, with the goal of creating a more just and compassionate society. By following these values, they strengthen their relationship with God and fulfil their duty to humanity.